Amakuru n'Itangazamakuru

Mu myaka yashize, hari ibyagezweho mu bikoresho byo gupakira icyatsi kibisi, byamamaye kandi bikoreshwa ku isoko ry’imbere mu gihugu ndetse no ku isi. Ibikoresho byo gupakira icyatsi kandi bitangiza ibidukikije bivuga ibyo bikoresho bihuye nubuzima bwa Cycle Assessment (LCA) mugikorwa cyo kubyaza umusaruro, gukoresha no gutunganya ibintu, byorohereza abantu gukoresha kandi ntibizateza ingaruka mbi kubidukikije, kandi birashobora kwangirika. cyangwa gutunganyirizwa ubwabo nyuma yo gukoreshwa.

Kugeza ubu, turasaba cyane cyane ibikoresho byangiza ibidukikije bigabanijwemo ubwoko 4: ibikoresho byimpapuro, ibikoresho bisanzwe byibinyabuzima, ibikoresho byangirika, ibikoresho biribwa.

1. ImpapuroIbikoresho

Ibikoresho byimpapuro biva mubikoresho bisanzwe byimbaho. Bitewe nibyiza byo kwangirika byihuse, gutunganya byoroshye no kwaguka kwinshi, ibikoresho byimpapuro byahindutse ibikoresho bisanzwe bipakira icyatsi hamwe nurwego rwagutse rwo gusaba hamwe nigihe cyo gukoresha mbere.

Ariko, kurenza urugero bitwara inkwi nyinshi. Ibiti bitari ibiti bigomba gukoreshwa cyane mugukora impapuro, nkurubingo, ibyatsi, bagasse, amabuye nibindi, aho kuba ibiti, bizangiza ibidukikije bidasubirwaho.

Nyuma yo gukoreshagupakira impapuro, ntabwo bizatera umwanda kwangiza ibidukikije, kandi birashobora kwangirika mu ntungamubiri. Kubwibyo, mumarushanwa akaze yibikoresho byo gupakira, gupakira impapuro biracyafite umwanya, hamwe nibyiza byihariye.

2. Ibikoresho bisanzwe byibinyabuzima

Ibikoresho bisanzwe bipakira ibinyabuzima birimo ibikoresho bya fibre yibihingwa nibikoresho bya krahisi, ibiyirimo biri hejuru ya 80%, hamwe nibyiza byo kutanduza, kuvugururwa, gutunganywa byoroshye kandi bifite nibintu byiza kandi bifatika. Nyuma yo gukoresha, intungamubiri zatawe zirashobora guhinduka no kumenya ukwezi kw ibidukikije.

Ibimera bimwe nibikoresho bipfunyika bisanzwe, mugihe cyose gutunganya bike bishobora guhinduka uburyohe busanzwe bwo gupakira, nkibibabi, urubingo, calabash, imigano, nibindi.ipakikugira isura nziza nuburyohe bwumuco, bushobora gutuma abantu basubira muri kamere kandi bakumva ibidukikije byumwimerere.

3. Ibikoresho bitesha agaciro

Ibikoresho byangirika bishingiye cyane cyane kuri plastiki, wongeyeho fotosensitiferi, ibinyamisogwe byahinduwe, imiti yangiza ibinyabuzima nibindi bikoresho fatizo, kugirango bigabanye ituze rya plastiki gakondo, byihutishe kwangirika kw’ibidukikije kugira ngo bigabanye umwanda ku bidukikije. Ukurikije uburyo butandukanye bwo kwangirika, birashobora kugabanywamo ibikoresho bishobora kwangirika, ibikoresho bifotora, ibikoresho byangirika byumuriro nibikoresho byangirika.

Kugeza ubu, ibikoresho gakondo bikuze byangirika bikoreshwa cyane cyane, nka base ya krahisi, aside polylactique, firime ya PVA; Ibindi bikoresho bishya byangirika, nka selile, chitosani, proteyine nibindi bikoresho byangirika nabyo bifite iterambere ryinshi.

4. Ibikoresho biribwa

Ibikoresho biribwa nibikoresho ahanini bishobora kuribwa muburyo butaziguye cyangwa byinjijwe numubiri wumuntu. Nka: lipide, fibre, krahisi, proteyine, nizindi mbaraga zishobora kuvugururwa. Hamwe niterambere ryubumenyi nubuhanga, ibyo bikoresho bigenda bikura kandi bigenda byiyongera buhoro buhoro mumyaka yashize, ariko kubera ko ari ibikoresho fatizo byo mu rwego rwibiribwa, kandi hasabwa isuku rikomeye mubikorwa byumusaruro bivamo ibiciro byinshi.

Kubikoresho byo kurengera ibidukikije bya karuboni nkeya, iterambere ryicyatsi kibisigupakiraibikoresho bigomba kuba ingenzi, icyarimwe igishushanyo mbonera cyo gupakira kigomba kuba ingirakamaro. Ibikoresho byo kurengera ibidukikije mubikoresho byo gupakira bizahinduka kimwe mubikorwa byingenzi bizaza.

Binyuze mu kunoza igishushanyo mbonera, igishushanyo mbonera, kongera gutunganya no gukoresha ibikoresho, tuzagera ku ngaruka zintego nyinshi, kugirango tugabanye imikoreshereze yumutungo kamere.